DIABETES MELLITUS
What is Diabetes?
Diabetes Mellitus is a condition in which the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood is too high because the body cannot use it properly. Glucose comes from the digestion of starchy and sugary foods and from the liver which makes glucose and passes it into the blood stream. Insulin is a vital hormone produced by the pancreas which helps the glucose to enter the cells where it is used as fuel by the body.
There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2
Type 1 Diabetes
Develops if the body is unable to produce any insulin and is treated by insulin injections. Diet and Exercise are also recommended.
Type 2 Diabetes
Develops when the body can still make some insulin, but not enough, or when the insulin that is produced does not work properly. Type 2 diabetes is treated by diet and exercise alone, or by diet, exercise and tablets or by diet, exercise and insulin injections
The main aim of treatment of both types of diabetes is to achieve blood glucose levels as near to normal as possible. This together with a healthy lifestyle will help to improve well being and protect against long term damage to the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and major arteries.
Diabetes care: what to expect
It is recommended that every diabetic patient is reviewed annually by a nurse with a special interest in diabetes.
The review will include the following:
- Ongoing education about diabetes and the beneficial effects of a healthy diet and exercise
- Assessment of diabetes control
- Discussion on the implications of diabetic lifestyle
- Discussion regarding the medication you will receive
- Referrals to other services if necessary (Dietician, Chiropodist, Education Programme)
- Blood testing to measure long term control
- Recording of height and weight (BMI)
- Urine testing for protein
- Home monitoring (if appropriate)
- Blood Pressure
- Foot examination
- Referral to GP if necessary
- Smoking status and help with stopping if required
- Offer of Flu vaccine
An appointment for review will be sent to diabetic patients around the month of their birth. The review is covered by two appointments; the first appointment will be with the Health Care Assistant for 10mins for blood tests and a urine check. The second appointment is usually one week later with a specialised Practice Nurse; this is for 30minutes for a full annual assessment.
Clinics for diabetic checks are held at both Arbroath House and William Brown Centre.
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